are expressed in CTEEP’s Mission and its Environmental Policy.
The preservation and sustainable use of natural resources are part of CTEEP’s Environmental Policy and Mission. These concepts pervade all CTEEP’s activities and processes, in line with the Company’s values.
CTEEP continued the maintenance works on the environmental management system at 99 substations and one transmission line, in addition to extending the system to one more transmission line (TL), the 308-km 440kV Água Vermelha - Araraquara TL, which crosses 25 cities and towns in São Paulo State. This TL received the environmental certification by the ABNT NBR ISO 14001:2004 standard, thus becoming part of the group of 31 substations and one transmission line certified in previous years.
In order to maintain and extend the environmental management system, the Company has to comply with over 320 federal, state and local legal requirements and standards, train the environmental emergency teams with simulations of real situations; integrate service providers into the environmental management system and monitor them; and measure and dispose of waste in compliance with the environmental legislation.
In 2012, CTEEP invested R$4.3 million in environmental initiatives, a considerable rise in relation to 2011 due to changes in the criteria for assessing information.
(GRI EN30)
CTEEP’s information assessment criteria are broken down into:
- Disposal of class I waste and the PCB disposal contract (further details in the “waste management” section)
- Awareness-Raising and Prevention Initiatives (monitoring and promotion of the Cuca Project, in São Paulo City), the Urban Orchard and the Burn Prevention Campaign.
- Environmental management connected with license renewals, inspection visits, certification auditing and construction of temporary waste storage facilities.
- Remediation related to construction works, in connection with the execution of an instrument of commitment for environmental recovery and a consent decree.
| Environmental Expenditures | ||
| Type of expenditure | Amount | % |
| Waste disposal | 2.870.000 | 65.7 |
| Treatment of emissions | 0 | 0,00 |
| Remediation costs | 231.666 | 5.3 |
| Prevention costs | 1.058.489 | 24.23 |
| Environmental Management | 208.075 | 4.76 |
All environmental incidents were recorded in EMS (Environmental Management System), including spills of insulating mineral oil from electrical equipment in operation at substations. These incidents were examined and dealt which as determined by EMS and the environmental legislation, and described in detail in the EMS critical analysis reports. These environmental incidents were limited to the area of the substations, so there is no evidence and/or report of environmental impacts in the vicinity of the facilities. (GRI EN23)
CTEEP’s maintenance procedures include equipment inspections and prevention of leakages and spills, as well as containment and remediation (in case of leakages or spills).
In the event of major incidents, CTEEP hires a specialized company to recover the affected area, dispose of waste in the correct manner and take any other action required by environmental emergencies.
Materials
GRI EN1, EN2
Material consumption is carefully managed by the supplies department, in line with the policies and practices of the Company, which defined a group of materials considered essential for its business based on its demand for them and the amount spent on them. The changes in this list of materials from year to year are related to the Company’s operational demands, rather than to any specific project.
| Non-renewable materials | |||
| Type of material | Unit of measurement | 2011 | 2012 |
| Bushings | Unit | 196 | 70 |
| Command and control cables* | Meters | 280.000 | 262.320 |
| Connectors | Unit | 3.312 | 4.001 |
| Circuit breakers | Unit | 734 | 75 |
| Structures* | Metric ton | 2 | 214 |
| Gas* | Cubic meters | 240 | 788 |
| Insulators | Unit | 13.412 | 28.004 |
| Oil* | Liter | 5.000 | 4.801 |
| Lightning rods | Unit | 263 | 327 |
| Reactors | Unit | 2.886 | 2.903 |
| Relays | Unit | 554 | 988 |
| Rectifiers | Unit | 38, | 0 |
| Section switches | Unit | 273 | 50 |
| Transformers | Unit | 471 | 228 |
Concerning material recycling, 3,209 500-sheet packs of A4 recycled paper were purchased. In addition, 1,720 kg of paper were recycled.
Waste Disposal
GRI EN2, EN22
CTEEP’s Transmission System equipment with combined solid/liquid insulation systems uses insulating mineral oil, a petroleum by-product. The great advantage is that the oil can be fully regenerated and reused with the same useful life as new oil.
Therefore, CTEEP is proactive in regenerating the insulating mineral oil used in its transformers and reactors by using its mobile regeneration and treatment unit, which allows restoring the original physical and chemical features of the oil, thus making it possible to reuse it safely.
The total amount of insulating mineral oil in operational equipment in CTEEP’s Transmission System is estimated at 25,000,000 liters.
About 1.5% of this amount is slightly contaminated with PCB (Polychlorinated biphenyls), products classified internationally under “Persistent Organic Pollutants” since it is bio-cumulative, bacteriostatic and non-biodegradable.
The Brazilian legislation allows using equipment with PCB-contaminated insulating mineral oil to the end of its useful life normally. Once this equipment is taken out of operation, the Company must see to the proper final disposal of this insulating material, which has to be considered Class I waste.
CTEEP has mapped all the PCB-contaminated insulating mineral oil in use in its Transmission System. When contaminated equipment is taken out of operation, the Company adopts a specific procedure approved by environmental bodies to dispose of the insulating material.
In 2012, CTEEP hired a specialized, licensed company to be in charge of the final disposal of PCB-contaminated waste between 2013 and 2015. Therefore, CTEEP is going to take out of operation and see to the final disposal of the last pieces of equipment with PCB insulation systems and of all the PCB-contaminated insulating oil.
In 2012, CTEEP built three new temporary storage facilities for other types of waste generated regularly by its maintenance services. As a result, it now has five of these facilities (one in each Regional Department). This allows separating waste for final disposal in different lots, which is done by a specialized, licensed company hired for this purpose. The final process of disposal will be concluded in 2013.
In 2012, no final waste disposal was made; therefore, no waste was transported. No PCB-contaminated waste was disposed of either. (GRI EN24).
| Disposal of Waste by type | ||||||
| Material | Quantity 2011 | Quantity 2012 | Disposal | |||
| Materials contaminated with oil or paint | 8.807,94 Kg | 9.247,35 Kg | coprocessamento | |||
| Lubricant oil and insulating oil (oil, sludge, sediments) |
9.169,7 Kg | 9.627,45 Kg | coprocessamento | |||
| Asbestos – Material waste comprised of asbestos cement (shingles, water tanks, etc.) | 1.710 Kg | 1.795,00 Kg | aterro classe I | |||
| Herbicide and insecticide packaging | 126 Kg | 132,30 Kg | incineração | |||
| Chemical products for cleaning parts | 16.403 Kg | 16.803,00 Kg | incineração | |||
| Rubber and tire scrap | 765 Kg | 841 Kg | coprocessamento | |||
| Metal halide, sodium, mixed, mercury and fluorescent light bulbs |
9.995 units | 9.595 units | reciclagem | |||
| Nickel/cadmium batteries | 260 units | 286 units | incineração | |||
| Dry battery/batteries | 885 units | 974 units | incineração | |||
| Light bulb reactor scrap | 349 units | 383 units | coprocessamento | |||
| Incandescent light bulbs | 70 units | 80 units | reciclagem | |||
Water Resources
GRI EN8, EN10, EN21
Water use was monitored and consolidated in the Company’s 47 substations, as well as in the Administrative Headquarters in São Paulo City, in the 12 months of 2012.
These substations used 37,025.92 m3 of water in the year, 22,843.43 m3 from artesian wells and 14,182.49 m3 from local or state public water supply systems. In turn, 4,963 m3 was used in the Administrative Headquarters.
| Total Water Withdrawal by Source, in m³ | |||
| 2010 | 2011 | 20124 | |
| Groundwater | 15.940,00 | 23.011,00 | 22.843,43 |
| Municipal water supply or other water utilities | 14.664,00 | 14.808,00 | 19.145,49 |
| Total | 30.604,00 | 37.819,00 | 41.988,92 |
CTEEP has no industrial processes requiring water use and discharges. Its water consumption is limited to the personal use by employees, some refrigeration systems and occasionally anti-fire activities in its facilities.
The Company does not calculate the amount of recycle or reused water systematically. However, a pilot rainwater harvesting project led to estimated savings of 40,000 liters of water in 2012. The collected water was used to wash electrical equipment for at the Registro substation, in São Paulo State.
During the year, 40 m3 of effluents from septic tanks (biological sludge) in CTEEP facilities was discharged in places where operations are being conducted, in accordance with the legal environmental requirements, usually sent to sanitation utilities.
GHG Emissions
GRI EN16, EN17, EN18, EN19, EN20
In 2012, CTEEP found opportunities to improve GHG emission management based on a survey conducted by the ISA Group about the Company’s emissions in 2011. The Company is going to focus on implementing procedures for using, measuring and monitoring SF6 and cooling gases. Although it does not measure all its greenhouse gas emissions, the Company monitors the emissions from its vehicle fleet and the emissions connected with the use of electric power, which are describe below.
It is worth adding that 306.47 kg of R22 (HCFC-22) gas was used in air conditioning systems in the year. SOx and NOx are not emitted in energy transmission operations.
| Direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions (partially monitored) | ||
| Electric energy consumption * (Scope 2 – direct emissions) | Metric tons of CO2e | |
| Electricity–Headquarters | 91,68 | |
| Electricity–Substations | 1.355,34 | |
| Fuel consumption by the vehicle fleet * (Scope 1–direct emissions) | Metric tons of CO2e | |
| Gasoline (489.554,89 liters) | 1.127,69 | |
| Ethanol (25.068,41 liters) | 37,75 | |
| Diesel (357.959,02 liters) | 939,86 | |
* Data compiled by converting kWh and liters to CO2e.
Energy
(GRI EN3, EN4)
Energy consumption is monitored by the Company’s environmental management system. In 2012, power supply to CTEEP’s substations came from the electrical system itself. Consumption, monitored at 45 facilities, amounted to 76,237.88 gigajoules. This is an average increase of 13.32% year-over-year, largely due to enlargement and maintenance works in the electrical system performed by the Company.
The Company’s substations use diesel-powered equipment when there is a power outage. The Company presently has no systematic records of diesel use.
In turn, 5,156.84 gigajoules from non-renewable sources was consumed at the Company’s Administrative Headquarters, in São Paulo, in 2012.
| Indirect energy Consumption by source, GJ: | |||
| 2010 | 2011 | 20124 | |
| Renewable (Substations) | 58.394,35 | 67.274,74 | 76.237,88 |
| Non-Renewable Headquarters) | - | - | 05.156,84 |
The Company has used an indicator system provided by a specialized company since 2011 and recorded performance data (such as the costs of a vehicle per km, fuel use and the ranking of the most efficient cars) to monitor the emissions and fuel consumption of its vehicle fleet.
| Amount of direct primary energy consumed by the organization in GL: | |
| 2010 | |
| Non-Renewable: | |
| Diesel oil | 12.482,03 |
| Gasoline | 17.036,51 |
| Renewable: | |
| Ethanol | 660,05 |
To reduce electric power consumption, CTEEP has a program to replace incandescent light bulbs by LED bulbs in synoptic panels (used to indicate whether the equipment at a substations is energized or not) and air conditioning systems by more efficient options at the substations. In addition, it organizes awareness-raising initiatives and talks about the rational use of energy geared to staff and contractors. (GRI EN5, EN7)
Biodiversity
GRI EN11, EN12, EN13, EU13
Biodiversity management in CTEEP’s service area is conducted jointly with the environmental body. Transmission lines crossing Environmental Protection Areas are clearly identified; however, studies about the conditions of these areas are conducted only on request of the environmental body, in connection with a new project, repowering or reconductoring of the existing transmission line, which may involve a biodiversity survey of the area affected by the Company’s facilities, among other procedures.
In 2012, CTEEP concluded the environmental compensation project at the Balatas State Forest, which involved replanting a total of 33 hectares and forest densification in 7.46 hectares. This initiative was undertaken in compliance with an environmental consent decree signed in 2002, which determined the total recovery of 272.9 hectares, in areas managed by the Instituto Florestal (an organization connected with the Department of the Environment). Replanting started in 2007, in line with the recovery plan designed jointly with FEALQ (Luiz de Queiroz Foundation for Agricultural Studies), which involves total replanting in 129.01 hectares and densification and natural regeneration in 143.98 hectares.
The environmental commitment also included compensations at the Experimental Stations of Mogi Guaçu (96.01 ha), Itapetininga (39.95 ha), Buri (49.83 ha) and Assis (46.74 ha), concluded in December 2010.
After 2002, the mitigations of environmental impacts from new projects were determined by an instrument of commitment to environmental recovery.
| Location, biome and size of Environmental Protection Areas affected by the transmission line | ||||
| Name of the transmission line | Voltage (kV) | Location | Area (ha) | Environmental Protection Areas affected by the transmission line (km2) |
| LT Bauru – Cabreúva | 440 | Pederneiras Experimental Station | 17.38 | 0.174 |
| LT Ribeirão Preto – Sta. Bárbara D'Oeste | 440 | São Simão Reserve | 2.95 | 0.029 |
| LT Embu Guaçu – Sto. Ângelo | 440 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 46.81 | 0.468 |
| LT Embu Guaçu – Sul | 345 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 58.11 | 0.581 |
| LT Baixada Santista – Tijuco Preto C1-C2 | 345 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 12.13 | 0.121 |
| LT Baixada Santista – Tijuco Preto C3 | 345 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 15.24 | 0.152 |
| LT Baixada Santista – Sul | 345 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 12.33 | 0.123 |
| LT Assis – Chavantes | 230 | Horto Florestal de Palmital | 2.95 | 0.029 |
| LT Henry Borden – Baixada Santista | 230 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 0.85 | 0.008 |
| LT Ramal Guarulhos (LT 345 kV anhanguera-Guarulhos) | 230 | Cantareira State Park | 12.02 | 0.12 |
| LT Henry Borden – Piratininga | 230 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 22.04 | 0.22 |
| LT Capão Bonito – Registro | 138 | Carlos Botelho State Park | 5.8 | 0.058 |
| LT Cabreúva – Mairiporã | 138 | Juquery State Park | 15.48 | 0.154 |
| LT Porto Ferreira – Limoeiro | 138 | Casa Branca Experimental Station Reserve | 4.5 | 0.045 |
| LT Rib. Preto – Porto Ferreira | 138 | São Simão Reserve | 2.06 | 0.02 |
| LT São Carlos – Rio Claro I | 138 | Itirapina Ecological Station | 2.92 | 0.029 |
| LT Bertioga II – São Sebastião | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park, S. Sebastião center | 48.65 | 0.486 |
| LT Caraguatatuba – Ubatuba | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park in 4 stretches of the Caraguatatuba center | 19.35 | 0.1935 |
| Rio Pardo – São Sebastião | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park, S. Sebastião center | 40.21 | |
| LT Sto. Ângelo – Bertioga II | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 12.92 | 0.129 |
| LT Santo Ângelo – Rio Pardo | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park, S. Sebastião center | 77.18 | 0.771 |
| LT São Sebastião – Caraguatatuba | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park, S. Sebastião center | 8.65 | 0.086 |
| LT Bertioga II – Vic. de Carvalho C1-C2 | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 3.18 | 0.031 |
| LT Bertioga II – Vic. de Carvalho C3-C4 | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 7.4 | 0.074 |
| LT Baixada Santista – Vic. De Carvalho | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park, Cubatão center | 5.66 | 0.056 |
| LT Capão Bonito – Registro | 138 | Carlos Botelho State Park | 12.11 | 0.121 |
| LT Embu Guaçu – Peruíbe | 138 | Serra do Mar State Park, Curucutu center | 33.66 | 0.336 |
| LT Paraibuna – Caraguatatuba | 088 | Serra do Mar State Park, Caraguatatuba center | 31.61 | 0.316 |
| LT Chavantes – Botucatu | 088 | Manduri State Forest | 5.31 | 0.053 |
| LT Pres. Prudente – Assis | 088 | Assis State Forest | 8.76 | 0.087 |